Scheduled script → files
Personal collection; one machine; you read the output yourself
$0 · Minimal
△ Someone else depends on the output, or your machine being off means missing data
Drawing set · L0–L3
A data system is a machine that keeps doing something while nobody watches: fetching sources on a schedule, cleaning what comes back, storing it and publishing conclusions. Its failures are quiet — a source changes its format, a job silently skips, and the page keeps showing yesterday's numbers as if they were today's. This drawing set maps the shapes such a system can take, using this site's own world-intelligence radar as the worked example.
Design philosophy
A data system is a promise that its numbers are true and current. Showing nothing is honest; showing stale data as fresh is a lie told automatically.
The dangerous failure is not a crash but a job that skips, returns empty, and reports success. Treat an empty result as an alarm until proven otherwise.
Store what the source actually returned before you transform it. Logic can be fixed and rerun; data you did not keep is gone.
Every conclusion should point to its sources and its collection time, and predictions should be settled in public. Trust comes from being checkable, not from being confident.
Collecting for yourself? A scheduled script writing to files is enough. Move to a hosted schedule and a database when other people rely on the output, and to queues only when one run no longer fits in its time limit.
You keep checking the same sources by hand and want a machine to do it. The only reader is you, so a missed run costs nothing but a gap.
A script runs on a timer on your own machine, fetches a few sources, and writes one dated file per run. The raw responses are saved next to the cleaned results.
Δ New at this level
Shapes on the map: Scheduled script → files
Use whatever language has the best parser for your sources. Prefer official feeds and APIs over scraping pages — they break less and their terms are clearer.
Other people read your page or subscribe to your digest. Your laptop being closed can no longer mean missing data, and a wrong number now misleads someone else.
The schedule moves to a hosted platform that runs the collector every hour, writes to a database and serves a public page. Every item is validated against an expected shape before it is stored, and every run records its own health.
Δ New at this level
Shapes on the map: Hosted cron + database + site (radar's shape)
Choose a platform where the schedule, the database and the website live together; fewer moving parts means fewer silent failures. Check the platform's per-run time and CPU limits before you design the job.
Also worth knowing — not verified by this site
Readers make decisions from your output, subscribers may pay, and some sources carry terms of use or personal information. A wrong number or a leaked field now has consequences.
Conclusions go into an append-only ledger with their sources and dates, and forecasts are settled by code when they come due. Raw responses are archived in cheap storage, sources' terms are recorded per source, and personal data is filtered before anything is stored.
Δ New at this level
Shapes on the map: Hosted cron + database + site (radar's shape)
Keep judgments and bookkeeping separate: a model may write the analysis, but settling whether a forecast came true must be plain code that anyone can rerun.
Hundreds of sources no longer fit in one run's time limit, some fail every hour, and people want to ask questions across years of history.
Collection is split into small jobs on a queue, each retried on its own and safe to run twice. The raw archive becomes the source of truth, and an analytics layer is rebuilt from it rather than edited by hand.
Δ New at this level
Shapes on the map: Queue-based pipeline · Warehouse + analytics layer
Add the queue before the warehouse. Most data systems hit the time limit of a single run long before they have questions a single database cannot answer.
Also worth knowing — not verified by this site
Every shape this can take. Most exist so you know what not to build yet.
Personal collection; one machine; you read the output yourself
$0 · Minimal
△ Someone else depends on the output, or your machine being off means missing data
A public page or feed others rely on; runs of a minute or less
$0–5/mo · Low–mid
△ One run no longer fits in the platform's time or CPU limit, or sources must be fetched in parallel
Many sources, retries, steps that must survive partial failure
$5–50/mo · Mid–high
△ Analysts need to ask questions across years of history, not just read the latest page
Large history, many consumers, questions nobody planned for
$50–500+/mo · High
△ This is the top floor. If one database still answers your questions, stay below
One plain sentence and one metaphor each. Click any tool module for the same treatment.